Kernberg concedes to Eriksons concept of identity that it already stresses the relevance of the relationship between the self-concept and the concept of a significant other. Using a t-test to compare the mean ratings of the two groups, you find a significant difference and support for your hypothesis. Kripke, S. (1980). Transitivity states that if a bears relation I to b, and b bears I to c, then a must also bear I to c. The Kantian sense of identity is exclusively part of the consciousness of the ego that can be seen as a link to the Anglo-Saxon tradition of empirism in Hobbes, Locke, and Hume. 100) claims empirical support for the view that anxiety about the state of the economyas real as it isis activated by identity-related concerns over race and culture. The term I in contrast is intended to represent the socially irreducible spontaneity of the self. Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error. Morality: Restoring the common good in divided times. It brings identity and norms to economics. all representations that have the self as their object and finally result in higher-order cognition such as an autobiographical self [45]), on the one hand, and neurocognitive processes that are related to a phenomenal or minimal self, which is considered as a presupposed self-specific process underlying the former (differentiable) representations (of world and self experiences), on the other hand. Isin, E., & Wood, P. (1999). Ego identity manifests itself in conscious representations of the self, others, and the world in general, and in identifications with social groups, cultural norms, ideals, and values [12], p. 346. The Landscape of Identity Model: An Integration of Qualitative and Thus, identity, in contrast to existence, is not a term of ontology but of epistemology. People's notions of what is proper, and what is forbidden, and for whom, are fundamental to how hard they work, and how they learn, spend, and save. Citizenship and identity. Bender DS, Skodol AE. Wiggins, D. (2001). PDF Identity, Social Identity, Comparison, and Status: Four Theories With a : Change in identity diffusion and psychopathology in a borderline personality disorder specific TFP-based inpatient treatment, submitted). Identity in the sense of self-sameness is not a fixed result of a process of development, but a dynamic process of continual integration itself, creating continuity in the persistent self-consciousness over space and time. How has the average temperature changed globally over the last century? Data from large samples can be processed and analyzed using reliable and consistent procedures through quantitative data analysis. What does being the person that you are, from one day to the next, necessarily consist in? Desynchronizing and uncoupling processes in family formation, vocational education, employment, and retirement as well as falling in love, getting married and having children have been described [50,51]. The common thread of all these concepts is that identity diffusion indicates a lack of differentiated and integrated representations of the self and others, a negative self-image, the lack of long-term goals, and the lack of a sense of continuity in self-perception over time [9,12,24,28,35-39]. Identity Economics | Princeton University Press Numerical and Quantitative Identity in Research - IvyPanda Taylor, in the tradition of Rousseau, highlighted the search for authenticity that is really a search for ones inner nature (Taylor, 1991). Thus, identity in the question Who is it? intending a merely numeric-quantitative, precise identification is transformed into a qualitative meaning in the question of What kind of person or character am I and do I want to be? Identification is then a matter of classifying something or somebody as something respectively somebody; or more technically spoken, as language philosophy does, classifying the individual token (the object as the instance of a concept) by assigning to a type (the concept). Confused, in that it fails to distinguish strict (quantitative, numerical) identity (which makes an object or person the very same thing over time) from mere qualitative identity or similarity (which allows objects and persons to change over time); dangerous because it leads to a view of persons as overly dependent on the groups and institutionsnations, religions, cultures, ethnicities, gangs, cultswith which they often identify (or are often identified with). Open Court. ), and questions about . Everything seems, however, to point to the necessity, not of a return to the subject (proclaimed by those who think that nothing has happened, and that there is nothing new to be thought, except maybe variations or modifications of the subject), but on the contrary, of a move forward towards someonesome oneelse in its place (Vassilieva, 2016, p. 51). In this chapter, we provide an overview of the central ideas within the theory such as identity verification and identity salience, the different methodological approaches (survey and. It is used in many different contexts by academics, governments, businesses, and other organizations. from https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/quantitative-research/, What Is Quantitative Research? Strengths of this approach include: Repeating the study is possible because of standardized data collection protocols and tangible definitions of abstract concepts. The strength of an individual's commitment is a pivotal part of their identity. Yet it is precisely her failure to consider the logic of identity that leads her to equivocate between conceptions of numerical and qualitative identity without any acknowledgement that these conceptions are quite distinct from one another. Witt (2020) refers to this as the excess problem. Die Vernderung der Zeitstrukturen in der Moderne. Since, subjective intentionality of behavior is assumed to function on two levels of organismic organization: a basic neurobiological one, and a derived, secondary, symbolic or psychological one that () in turn may influence the functioning of the underlying neurobiological structures [56], p. 237. Accessibility The me in its continuity results from a developmental process, in which the adolescent at last passes through what Erikson called an identity crisis [25] that on the one hand might lead to ego-identity as an integrated awareness and knowledge about oneself [26], integrating the confirmation of the self by significant others as a core aspect of normal identity. Quantitative research is the process of collecting and analyzing numerical data. The term narrative self or narrative identity emphasizes on this higher level identity in the sense that the self is continuous through time and under different conditions and that the person is able to construct a coherent narrative or life story to integrate his or her personal identity. simple referring expressionsare not disguised (qualitative) descriptions but are linked directly to objects via what he called rigid designation. Salient identity is a concept that . An official website of the United States government. This critical writing "Numerical and Quantitative Identity in Research" was written and submitted by your fellow Thus, the difference between the phenomena is evident, and the conclusion about their similarity is not justified. which people belonged to were an important source of pride and self-esteem. Does continuity in these mentioned social terms underscore a coherent, self-reflected, by inner motives guided self (I)2? Online resource (draft): https://web.stanford.edu/group/fearon-research/cgi-bin/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/What-is-Identity-as-we-now-use-the-word-.pdf. Sameness and the self: Philosophical and psychological considerations. Groups give us a sense of social identity: a sense of belonging to the social world. I agree with Wiggins that the identity criteria for natural objects such as trees and horses are different in kind from those for artefactual objects such as pens and cell phones which are designed for specific functions or purposes. Borderline personality as a self-other representational disturbance. Strong commitments refer to aspects of identity that an individual is highly dedicated to. by religion, society, school, and state, mediated by family, authority figures, peers, friends [14], p. 20. Qualitative = Quality. Quantitative methods allow you to systematically measure variables and test hypotheses. Quantitative identity. But, he himself focuses particularly on this background of object relations theory. Appiah, K. A. Identity in the sense of self-specificity that is addressed in the sense of a phenomenal qualia-self in its first-person perspective is not affected by dementia, since: despite the loss of self-relatedness, the capacity to differentiate between self and non-self, i.e. Psychotherapy for Borderline Personality: Focusing on Object Relations. Data collection is the systematic process by which observations or measurements are gathered in research. ), The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (Fall 2020 edition). Moreover, the narrative identity is always articulated through concepts (and practices) made available by cultural narratives, i.e. Is, therefore, identity diffusion in adolescents and young adults a result of a lack of stability in behavior and attitudes, in interests, goals, values, and aspirations? The Article processing charge (APC) of this manuscript has been funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). Therefore, identity is strongly related on the one hand to the need for security (the need to belong, to be part of a community and to be attached to others), and, on the other hand, to the desire for freedom (the desire for separation, individuation and autonomy) [23], p. 30; see also [24], p. 623f. Melbourne University Press. Individuals primarily are objects, i.e. In surveys, it's often used to categorise 'yes' or 'no' answers. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Sacks, J. Anyhow, Kant wanted to attribute identity to the unity of an object in a fundamental way, i.e. Erikson actually puts together all the distinctive philosophical meanings of identity outlined above. This is a matter of different and specific higher-order cognitive functions such as working memory, attention, executive function, semantic and episodic memory etc. What Is Salient Identity? 27, 9. Yus, F. (2015). Over time, some aspects of this phenomenon have changed. From a psychological point of view, that is concerned about social and personal identity, one might raise the question whether these processes of modernization result in increased challenges for individuals regulating intergenerational, interpersonal and intra-psychic relations: thus, the regulation of care taking and disallowance, caring and separation in parenthood, aggression and rivalry progressively rest on the psychosocial competences of individuals in regard to the lack of traditional collective guidelines. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2020/entries/identity-politics/ . Palgrave Macmillan. Overview and critique of the classification of personality disorders proposed for DSM-V. Sollberger D. ber einige "Dunkelheiten" in Kants Kategoriendeduktion. Mansoura is known for its unique features in terms . psychological and social processes of identity development in adolescents and particularly in the formation of BPD the question arises: What turns our attention to identity and its diffusion? This has resulted in a deeply divided and polarized society, notwithstanding that the US prides itself on being one of the most culturally and ethnically diverse countries in the world. Leibnizs Law (aka The Indiscernibility of Identicals) asserts that if a and b are numerically identical, then they share all their properties, qualities, and characteristics. Ricoeur contributed a subtle distinction to the discussion in differentiating the aspect of self-sameness, which he called idem-identity, and the one of selfhood or self-relatedness, for which he coined the term ipse-identity [10]. 345, 55). Data-Driven Approaches to Diversity, Equity and Inclusion - SHRM (PDF) Identity Theory - ResearchGate Everybody is also part of a particular ethnic group and is characterized by other identity factors, such as gender and sexual preference. Quantitative studies indicate the importance of identity and self-esteem related dimensions on both psychological and physical well-being, and these undoubtedly affect social coherence issues as well. It is used by scientists to test specific predictions, called hypotheses, by calculating how likely it is that a pattern or relationship between variables could have arisen by chance. Rather, what is demanded is respect for oneself as different (Heyes, 2020, quoting Kruks). Authenticity - Your Authenticity Quotient June 12, 2020 Quantitative and qualitative data | Australian Bureau of Statistics Furthermore, it will help to distinguish adaptive forms of identity development that our adolescents and patients may reveal, and pathological forms in social interaction, in self-related representations, intra-psychic conflicts as well as in their neurobiological correlates perspectives that finally may provide the key anchoring point of psychotherapeutic (and other) treatments. Sage. Hence, the question raises how all the information of our own body and own brain is processed, i.e. Sarah McBride. One meaning of the term identity goes back to the Greek term atomon. the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. Online citation: https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2017.1330222. But see Matthes (2018); also Benhabib (2002). But since these can be restated without the language of identity they are not problems about identity. Identify a behavior or occurrence of interest and monitor it in its natural setting. the fact that stimuli that are related to ones own self (e.g. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0, http://www.ilt.columbia.edu/publications/Projects/digitexts/locke/understanding/chapter0227.html, http://dsmfacts.org/materials/american-psychiatric-association-board-of-trustees-approves-dsm-5/. Or does identity incorporate growth and decline, thus, identity cannot really be lost in a fundamental sense [47]? Compare your paper to billions of pages and articles with Scribbrs Turnitin-powered plagiarism checker. . In: Identity, Reasonableness and Being One Among Others. However, numeric identity has to be complemented by substantially meaningful identification, particularly when it is about individual persons [6]. In the last six decades, since E. H. Erikson made his path breaking contributions to psychoanalytic theory and character pathology, elevating the term to a theoretical concept, identity has been given many interpretations. Identity politics. The question of cultural identity. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Published on The data is essentially numbers in tables making up the variables (Franzosi 2016:138). Columbia University Press. However, personhood in its identity is not a quality belonging to the owner like blue eyes or impulsiveness, thus, the first person perspective cannot be left out: Who I am is not a fact about me, but should be phrased in terms of from where I come and what I am up to [17], and this usually is answered by telling a narrative story. To collect quantitative data, you will often need to use operational definitions that translate abstract concepts (e.g., mood) into observable and quantifiable measures (e.g., self-ratings of feelings and energy levels). Quantitative research often uses unnatural settings like laboratories or fails to consider historical and cultural contexts that may affect data collection and results. It is a commonly accepted notion that information "flows" from one point to another, from the emitter to the receptor, inside and outside the organisation. Simply Psychology. The demand is not for inclusion within the fold of universal humankind on the basis of shared human attributes; nor is it for respect in spite of one's differences. McLeod, S. (2019, October 24). You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you Heyes (2020, also cited above), having correctly pointed out that the term identity raises a host of philosophical questions likely familiar to philosophers from the literature in metaphysics on personal identity, inserts the disclaimer Logical uses aside. Diagnosic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV-TR). - identity theory, social identity theory, comparison theory, and status theory - and, as will be seen, we find that they share a common core of three basic elements: personal quantitative characteristics personal qualitative characteristics primordial outcomes Individuals: An essay in descriptive metaphysics. As a conclusion, different points of view concerning identity are summarized in respect to treatment planning, and different levels of description of identity in phenomenology, philosophy of mind, cognitive science, and social science and personality psychology are outlined. Or, must a sort of continuity first has to be developed, so that I know me as the same I as before at that time in another temporal and mental state, to be able to have a feeling of what it means, that cognitions, affective states and so one are mine [57]? Harvard University Press. In this process study, using Gioia method, the author identified three themesappetizing, baby-stepping and reconstructing identity, suggesting that by striving to reconstruct their identity the SME's can diversify into an unrelated sector. Nowadays, in a late modern society we see the difficulties that are related to the ambiguity of the term identity. What enables me to feel being the same I, the same self, or person in all the different roles, that I have to play, with all my different qualities, in the changing course of world events and my biography?. Notably, this is what Marcia aims to describe in his conception of identity diffusion as an adaptive form of identity under postmodern conditions. However, as we might reasonably question this sceptical tendency to eliminate the notion of self and identity on reductionist grounds, the minimal self, as it is implicitly experienced in consciousness (i.e. In E. N. Zalta (Ed. But this marks a difference from identifying as. As the philosopher H. Frankfurt argues, an individual is autonomous and an active agent if he or she has second order volitions, i.e. There has been a long-standing debate in analytic philosophy of language as to the nature and extent of the descriptive component in acts of reference. Comparing the unique species of dogs with itself, we can talk about its numerical identity. In S. Hall, D. Held, & T. McGraw (Eds. Thus it is that we become entangled in the instability and helplessness that manifests itself as the tumult of metropolis, as the mania for travelling, as the wild pursuit of competition and as the typically modern disloyalty with regard to taste, style, opinions and personal relationships [49], p. 484.. Ask questions of a group of people in-person, over-the-phone or online. Erikson, who initially made the term identity an important concept in his work on psychoanalytic theory and character pathology, referred to W. James by stressing on the importance of the conscious sense of individual uniqueness, the I in its spontaneous, self-evident acquaintance with itself matching the unconscious striving for a continuity of experience [23], p. 208. (2023, June 22). Nevertheless, individuality became first the topic of the philosophical mainstream discourse. On this background some comments on the new instrument AIDA (Assessment of Identity Development in Adolescence) are made. Identity is an utterly unproblematic notion. Moreover, feelings of loss of integration and a sense of (painful) incoherence have been described [40-42]. Correlational and experimental research can both be used to formally test hypotheses, or predictions, using statistics. Rabbinic scholar Jonathan Sacks endorsed the view that the postmodern aversion to simplicity is one of the things that has gutted our generation (Sacks, 2020, p. 252). In philosophy, quantitative identity refers to the property of being identical in number or quantity. Hodder & Stoughton. Beschleunigung. Received 2013 Jan 16; Accepted 2013 Apr 5. Generate accurate APA, MLA, and Chicago citations for free with Scribbr's Citation Generator. Qualitative data refers to information about qualities, or information that cannot be measured. Reliability and validity are both about how well a method measures something: If you are doing experimental research, you also have to consider the internal and external validity of your experiment. Blackwell. must. For achieving this aim, the current study proposes a method for investigating local identity using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Modernity and self-identiy: Self and society in the late modern age. Therefore, facing current conditions, Marcia quite rightly discussed the term of identity diffusion later in his work as no longer just a kind of cataclysmic breakdown but maybe an adaptive form of identity that has to be positively evaluated: it is adaptive to be diffuse in a society where commitment is not valued, and, in fact, may be punished [31], p. 292. Again the question, how do the two basic dimensions interfere? An alternative position, attributed to Strawson, among others, is that terms like wisdom refer to universals (rather than particulars) and, as such, can occur as subjects in ordinary language. an object belonging to a kind or sort which makes identification and reidentification possible. 1959). A relation R is symmetric when aRb implies bRa in every case; it is transitive when aRb and bRc, taken together, implies aRc. If you want to know more about statistics, methodology, or research bias, make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples. Quantitative research deals with numbers and statistics, while qualitative research deals with words and meanings. Getting the direction of causality right here is somewhat problematic. Following Frege, we could say that attributing mortality to Socrates is an example of conceptual classificationsince, intuitively, we possess the concept of mortalityeven though it is not clear what concepts actually are. "Numerical and Quantitative Identity in Research." Hall, S. (1992). Types of Data & the Scales of Measurement | UNSW Online Does identity diffusion, maybe even the borderline syndrome reflect problems and discourses of late modern culture [24], p. Simple predicative statements like Socrates is mortal are easily classified, but statements like The inventor of bifocals was/is the first postmaster general in the USA (where both terms apply to Benjamin Franklin) are more troublesome, because definite descriptions (of the form the) have both a referential and a predicative function. . https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2020/entries/content-externalism/. In the 1970s, Saul Kripke proposed that properi.e. The missing link between these two perspectives on the qualitative identity of an individual becomes apparent when we inquire whether an individual identified by social roles (whether intrinsically committed to them or not) can adopt these different roles in different social situations without losing his or her identity.
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