Mr. Heiner Handschin, IAPD coordinator for Europe and the Middle East; and Dr. Juraj Lajda, president, UPF Czech Republic, Universal Peace Federation is an NGO in General Consultative Status with the, International Day of Families Observed in Central Europe, World Interfaith Harmony Week Observed in Austria, Czechs, Slovaks Celebrate Interfaith Harmony Together, ILC2021-4 EUME: Interreligious Association for Peace and Development, Religious Freedom Seen as a Fundamental Human Right, Economic and Social Council of the United Nations. That is a concession which contrasts with the way that others have used just war theory, and in particular the work of Augustine, to justify and glorify war. The background of this had been the destructive religious wars of the time, and Locke logically suggests that this violence can be avoided through religious tolerance. As the fourth speaker wasnt on the call yet, Pastor Markus Gerhold of the Protestant community of Steyr, Austria, gave a short response to the words of the previous speakers. 2M likes, 6,054 comments - Samantha (@samantharuthprabhuoffl) on Instagram: "It's been one year since the diagnosis. Deepak Chopra's passionate new book, Peace Is the Way, was inspired by a saying from Mahatma Gandhi: "There is no way to peace. Washington, DC 20005, Newsletter Signup Democracy & Governance; Peace Processes; Religion, By: Existentialism may be defined in philosophical terms as the view that truth cannot be objectified, but rather it can only be experienced. Starting at 8 a.m. The only way to introduce a measure of peace is therefore through submission of citizens to a sovereign, or, in more contemporary terminology, the state. Dr. Mohamed Elsanousi explained how before the attack the Boston Marathon bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev stood up in a mosque and argued against the imam, who was praising Martin Luther King. For instance, Mohandas Gandhi described his theory of nonviolence as satyagraha, often translated as truth force. The philosopher Martin Buber (1878-1965) is well known for emphasizing the importance of authentic dialogue, which comes about when individuals recognize others as persons rather than entities. The major difference with religious thought is the origin of its basic texts. Australia, Religious Sources for a Philosophy of Peace, Classical Sources for a Philosophy of Peace, Medieval Sources for a Philosophy of Peace, Renaissance Sources for a Philosophy of Peace, Contemporary Sources for a Philosophy of Peace, Concluding Comments: Philosophy and Peace. This is not to deny that Indigenous societies, as with all societies, may be extremely violent at times. In the Philippines, the Catholic church provided similar leadership, popular legitimacy, organizing resources and communicationsnotably through its nationwide radio station, Radio Veritas. The daily Minute of Silence at Noon and meditations for personal and planetary unity, cooperation, and Peace form a spiritual core within each of us and brings us together in Peace. Analysis and Commentary. If you are using our Services via a browser you can restrict, block or remove cookies through your web browser settings. Aspects In major swaths of religion human adaptation, via traditions, has crept into the comprehension of spiritual texts. Yet the reliance on the state as an object of stability and peace does not necessarily mean acceptance of bellicose national policies. Aristotle also identifies justice as a virtue, and many peace theorists emphasize the inter-relationship between peace and justice. Religion and peacebuilding - Wikipedia Publication Type: Interest theory suggests that the function of human rights is to promote and protect fundamental human interests, and securing these interests is what justifies human rights. A treaty will bring not peace or reconciliation, but anger and division. Yes, its fractioned, but all supposedly believe in love and compassion. It is not provable. The ideas of human dignity and the common humanity of all, derived from the notion that all are created in the image of the Divine, are foundational to true peace. There is an established scholarly tradition that interprets communism, the theory and system of social organization based upon the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, as a form of nontheistic religion. Each individual has a universal responsibility to shape institutions to serve human needs. One dimension of religious engagement with movements appears to contribute in particular to their success. In order for religious actors to prevent and diffuse violent conflict correlated to religious ideology, Rev. Peace in Greek Eirene is the Greek word for Peace. Churches may be considered as buildings, groups of believers, or religions. Importantly, scholars such as Noam Chomsky argue that, far from reflecting the ideals of Marx and Engels, communist societies of the twentieth century, in practice, betrayed those original ideals. For instance, Catholicism has the magisterium which gives authority to the highest clerics to interpret the Word of God in the largest sense of the term, whether in its written form or in the form of Tradition. Johan Galtung (1930 -) is widely recognized as the leading contemporary theorist on peace, and he is often described as the founder of contemporary peace theory. Now, ever more . Yet scholars such as Rudolph Rummel have suggested that communist societies have been the most violent and genocidal in human history. In his 1750 Discours sur les sciences et les arts (Discourse on the Sciences and the Arts), Rousseau posited that human morality had been corrupted due to culture; in his 1755 Discours sur lorigine et les fondements de lingalit parmi les hommes (Origins of the Inequality of Man), he posits that social and economic developments, especially private property, had corrupted humanity; in his 1762 work Du contrat social (The Social Contract), he posits that authority ultimately rests with the people and not the monarch; and in his 1770 Les Confessions (Confessions), Rousseau extols the peace which comes from being at one with nature. Doing good and promoting peaceful behaviour is not enough. What is finally of value? Being aware of ones own prejudices is necessary in order to deal with diversity and adversity. https://www.unicefusa.org/ UNICEFwww.uri.orgUnited Religions Initiativewww.worldpeace.orgWorld Peace Prayer Societywww.byakko.orgByakko Shinko Kaiwww.lucistrust.orgLucis Trust. His thought is often categorized as late Roman or early medieval. For instance, John Finnis refers to life and its capacity for development as a fundamental human interest, and that A first basic value, corresponding to the drive for self-preservation, is the value of life (1980, p. 86). In a nutshell, how can we be sure they are authentic? Often, they are set up as a reaction against some considered ill in society. The significance of Buddhism for peace is the elevation of ahisma, that is, doing no harm to others, as a central ethical virtue for human conduct. For instance, can there ever be a complete elimination of all forms of armed conflict, or at least the elimination of reliance on armed force as the ultimate means of enforcement of will? In discussing religion and peace, there is an obvious problem of the divergence between precept and practice, in that many of those professing religion have often been warlike and violent. The second clash is derived from the concept of symbol, considered sacred, when loyalty to it became stronger than the self. Some might articulate this as the eschatological dimension of peace, suggesting that the contradictions which are raised in any discussion on peace can only be resolved, ultimately, at the end of time. New Evidence: How Religion Aids Peaceful Change Rather, what is needed is a challenge which will be seen as an equivalent or counterpoint to war in other words a moral equivalent of war. They do represent a sliver of human reasoning. Religions themselves are not the cause of anything, she said; it is the human actors who make the difference. Buy the books at your favorite store. Religious Sources for a Philosophy of Peace It is logical that we should examine the theory of peace as set down in the teachings of some of the world's major religious traditions, given that, for most of human history, people have viewed themselves and the world through the lens of religion. 2 It is usually accompanied by a set of organised practices which foster a community of people who share that faith. This is not to deny there are philosophies and philosophers who justify war and injustice. For instance, those such as Herbert Hart have argued that all rights stem from the equal right of all individuals to be free. Thursday, September 30, 2021 Free tools to read and study the Bible online. The writings of Plato (428/7-348/7 B.C.E.) With the generous support of stakeholders including Honeywell . We express that humanity through faith, art, poetry, speech, tradition, and other practices, as so clearly illustrated in these beautiful, unique pictures of the same symbol of peace. If we say that war and social injustice are inevitable, then there is little motivation to change. All rights reserved. This is not to deny those critics who point out that human rights can function as a rationale for the powerful to engage in collective violence, and that there can be a tension between human rights and national sovereignty. In his 1516 book De optimae rei publicae statu deque nova insula utopia (On the Best Government and on the New Island Utopia), More outlines an ideal society based upon reason and equality. In Book One of Utopia, More articulates his concerns about both internal and external violence. We identified and classified the religious dimensions of 183 nonviolent action campaigns with maximalist goals (i.e., overthrowing a regime or expelling a foreign military force) from 1945 to 2013. In considering a philosophy of peace, the phenomenon of empire presents a paradox for peace theory. Photo courtesy of NYTimes/Narciso Contreras Ultimate honor and respect must prevail for the privacy and sanctity of each individuals unique relationship to Deity. Thus, a Hobbesian worldview is often taken to be pessimistic, it holds that the natural condition of humankind is one of violence, and that this violence inevitably predominates where there is no humanizing and civilizing impact of the state. Thus any philosophy of peace education is very closely linked with what might be seen as a philosophy of peace. Yet a problem with the Galtungian approach is that it can be argued as being too all-encompassing, and thus too diffuse. Interreligious | USCCB He points out in the Epilogue that parties to disputes will often exaggerate their own arguments, and it is from the conflict of exaggerated views that violent conflict arises. Further, there is a world-wide epidemic of war between monarchs, which debases the countries monarchs seek to lead. USIP has a variety of newsletters and announcements with the latest analysis, publications and events. Postcolonial and feminist peace theory are highly contested. Most cases of religious institutional support in our dataset were linked to Christianity, specifically Catholicism. The corollary to this is that a male perspective tends to be less personal, less caring, and more war-centric. Karma is a view of moral causality incorporated into Hinduism, wherein good deeds are rewarded either within this lifetime or the next, and by contrast bad deeds are punished in this lifetime or the next. Further, just as human organization is evolving, one could equally argue that evolution towards a supra-national state with the object of world peace may also be consistent with the organic philosophy of Hegel. In the work of Sigmund Freud, and especially in his 1930 work Das Unbehagen in der Kulture (Civilization and its Discontents), Eros is the life instinct, which includes sexual instincts and the will to live and survive. Just imagine the kind of debate we see every year around the date of Australia Day, and then multiply it many times over . The first clash, he said, comes from the fact that each religion claims its God is the only one and the best one. Our initial analysis also points to two patterns that call for further investigation. A Christian critique of the proposed Voice to Parliament - ABC Religion It is notable also that in his Tractatus Politicus (Political Treatise), written 1675-6 and published after his death, Spinoza asserts: For peace is not mere absence of war but is a virtue that springs from force of character. He pointed out that in these times religions have become known as having a great potential for conflict, division and struggle, as mentioned in John Lennons song Imagine. It even would be understandable to state that religions these days are rather on the side of the problem than the solution, he said, as they are seen in many places as a factor of division. would not normally be thought of as presenting a source for a philosophy of peace. For instance, John Rawls suggests that the laws of people, as opposed to the laws of states, is a set of ideals and principles by which people from different backgrounds can agree on how their actions towards each other should be governed and judged, and through which people can establish the conditions of peace. Given the challenges of defining peace, the philosophical problem of peace may be phrased in terms of a question: is there any such thing as absolute peace? Hence, very challenging to apprehend. 'Ain't No Way You Just Happy': Eva Marcille Claims She's 'At Peace Saint Augustine of Hippo (354-430 C.E.) In his work Nomoi (Laws), Plato enunciates the view that the establishment of peace and friendship constitute the highest duty of both the citizen and the legislator, and in the work Symposium, Plato articulates the idea that it is love which brings peace among individuals. However, this concession is by way of a lament for Augustine, as a mark that Christians are living in a temporal and fallen world. What conditions would one need to postulate as making possible the realization of true peace? (1973, p.64). Reverend Gary Mason, a senior research fellow at Maynooth University, discusses how longstanding relationships between religious actors and their communities can open doors for dialogue that might be unavailable to other peacebuilders and how his experience in Northern Ireland can inform his new work to promote peace in the Middle East. The vital attributes they can offer include deep roots in communities, established networks across societies, and organizational structures and resources that can offer direct support for activists. The connection between humanism and peace is perhaps best discernable in Erasmus 1524 work De libero arbitrio diatribe sive collatio (The Freedom of the Will), where Erasmus points out that if all that we do is predetermined, there is no motivation for improvement. Religion can promote and strengthen conflicts but it can also diffuse them. Religions | Free Full-Text | Issues of War and Peace: Is Religion More / This statement was prophetic, given the religious wars which engulfed Europe following the Protestant Reformation. Specifically, Rev. The way to peace | WORLD Faith & Religion by Janie B. Cheaney Post Date: May 5, 2022 Issue Date: May 21, 2022 The way to peace All of God's children have been listening for a better word Photos of wartime atrocities brought the Ukrainian war into sharp focus last month. Inspire us with the good news that your reign has come in the Christ child, and by your Holy Spirit it comes anew each day. James Page has developed an alternative philosophical approach to peace education, identifying virtue ethics, consequentialist ethics, conservative political ethics, aesthetic ethics and care ethics as potential bases for peace education. There are various Islam schools of thought and diverse movements in Judaism. The first speaker was Rev. The right to peace arguably flows from the right to life. Section 6 examines some contemporary sources for a philosophy of peace. USIP research starting in 2020 identified six distinct ways in which demonstrators have drawn on religion to advance peace processesthrough ideas, people, institutions, symbols, spirituality and external support. Moreover, one of the Five Pillars of Islam, Zakat, is an important marker of social justice, emphasizing giving to the poor. Dr. Simone Sinn of the Ecumenical Institute of Bogis-Bossey in Switzerland concisely presented 10 points affirming that religious actors either can be peacemakers or cause conflicts. An important qualification, however, is that peace is also described as being, indirectly, a work of justice. The legitimate use of violence finds its ultimate expression in the phenomenon of war. Yet there may be such a reference point in his development of virtue ethics, notably in Ethica Nicomachea (Nichomachean Ethics). In the U.S. civil rights movement, leaders such as the Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., organizations such as the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, and black churches all played roles in developing and coordinating the movements nonviolent strategy. Universal Peace Federation is an NGO in General Consultative Status with the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations We support and promote the work of the United Nations and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. A further element within Hinduism relevant to a peace theory is the notion of the family of humankind, and accordingly there is a strong element of tolerance within Hinduism, in that the religion tolerates and indeed envelopes a range of seemingly conflicting beliefs. Catholic bishops, including Cardinals Jaime Sin and Ricardo Vidal, summoned public support at critical moments for the secular, nonviolent movement opposing the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos. Or we can say, in true existentialist fashion, that we can only know peace through encounter or relationship. Therefore, philosophy by its essence is or should be a tolerant enterprise, and it is also an enterprise which involves or should involve debate and discussion. childcare and womens training or mentoring sessions), an Imam accessible to women (or a woman scholar), inclusion of women in decision making and women holding office on the mosque committees. ]]~c''{ZJ).1he c It is invisible, immeasurable, impenetrable to most mortals. Dr. Dieter Schmidt from Germany, the UPF director for Central Europe, started his talk by stating, Peace is needed more today than at any time before. Speaking about the role of religion, he said: Religion has the task to turn human beings toward goodness and to eliminate their evil nature that finds enjoyment in fighting.
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